Efficient Computation of Arbitrary-Order Directional Derivatives in Multiple Directions via Generalized Dual Numbers

arXiv:2608.15345 2026 Training 1 ideas extracted · analyzed Sep 1, 2026

What the math gives to ML

The paper provides a truncated commutative algebra whose coefficient propagation computes arbitrary-order repeated directional derivatives without materializing derivative tensors. Its most transferable asset is the combination of factorial-scaled generalized dual arithmetic with polarization/inclusion–exclusion, which reconstructs mixed derivatives from evaluations along sums of directions. In neural networks this enables a small-order curvature or higher-order regularizer, diagnostic, or optimizer component using only a handful of forward-mode passes, especially when the parameter dimension is huge but the number of directions is small.

Ideas from this paper

Unverified 2026

Polarized Generalized-Dual Curvature Regularization

Use generalized dual numbers to compute second- or third-order derivatives of the training loss along several parameter-space directions, then use polarization to recover mixed directional derivatives without forming a Hessian or third-order tensor. Add a bounded mixed-curvature penalty or use the resulting directional curvature to rescale updates in directions that are simultaneously sharp.

Useful6/10
Difficulty6/10
Novelty6/10
Paper: Efficient Computation of Arbitrary-Order Directional Derivatives in Multiple Directions via Generalized Dual Numbers arXiv:2608.15345