Morphological Representation Theory in the Fourier Inf-Semilattice: Universal Decomposition of Frequency-Domain Deep Learning Operators

arXiv:2608.20399 2026 Architecture 2 ideas extracted · analyzed Sep 1, 2026

What the math gives to ML

The paper supplies a constructive representation of increasing, upper-semicontinuous, positively homogeneous operators on nonnegative Fourier magnitudes as suprema of max-times erosions. The transferable asset is not the Fourier interpretation alone, but the exact algebraic constraints: monotonicity, scale equivariance, and adjoint erosion-dilation pairs that produce idempotent openings. A practical neural implementation is a spectral morphological mixer whose learned positive kernels are combined by a pointwise maximum of quotient responses, optionally followed by an adjoint opening for stable band-limited feature processing. This gives a falsifiable alternative to unconstrained spectral convolutions or MLPs, with exact positive homogeneity and monotonicity rather than merely encouraging them through regularization.

Ideas from this paper

Unverified 2026

Max-times spectral erosion layer

Replace an unconstrained Fourier-domain linear mixer with a bank of positive spectral kernels and a max-times erosion aggregator. For a nonnegative Fourier magnitude f, each kernel produces a quotient response f/psi_k and the layer takes the pointwise supremum over kernels, giving exact positive homogeneity and monotonicity. This is most suitable as a drop-in spectral mixing block in a CNN, vision transformer, or state-space model.

Useful6/10
Difficulty5/10
Novelty7/10
Paper: Morphological Representation Theory in the Fourier Inf-Semilattice: Universal Decomposition of Frequency-Domain Deep Learning Operators arXiv:2608.20399
Unverified 2026

Adjoint spectral opening for stable pooling

Construct a learnable spectral pooling block as an erosion followed by its adjoint dilation, making the resulting opening idempotent, increasing, and anti-extensive. The block can suppress frequencies outside a learned passband while guaranteeing that applying it twice does not continue changing the representation, which is useful in multi-stage CNN pyramids and U-Net skip paths.

Useful5/10
Difficulty6/10
Novelty6/10
Paper: Morphological Representation Theory in the Fourier Inf-Semilattice: Universal Decomposition of Frequency-Domain Deep Learning Operators arXiv:2608.20399